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More than 3 years ago
- Ms. Atefeh Soleymani , Departement of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of kerman ,
- Mr. Hamed Hasani , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
- Dr. Hashem Jahangir , Birjand university ,
- Mr. Ehsan Yazdanpanah , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
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Paper Abstract
Existing structures should be strengthened as a result of age and/or changes in predicted load patterns and magnitudes. To this end, among various options, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars have been increasingly used in reinforced concrete buildings during the last two decades, replacing traditional steel reinforcement, particularly in places with harsh weather conditions because of its simplicity and convenience. In shear and flexural applications, bonding between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars and concrete is critical for stress transmission between the concrete structure's member and reinforcement. As there are numerous published studies that focus on the FRP-concrete bond strength, the relevant research works on the bond between FRP and concrete are reviewed in this paper. In this comprehensive overview the main papers and their methodologies are provided and discussed, as well as their variations, which used by various researchers. The benefits and drawbacks of each research work are discussed, as well as some views, results and the need for more study. The database findings indicate that FRP bar is an excellent reinforcing material for concrete structures.
More than 2 years ago
- Mr. Hamed Hasani , Birjand university ,
- Dr. Seyed Mojtaba Mosavi Nezhad , Birjand university ,
- Ms. Atefeh Soleymani , Departement of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University , kerman ,
- Ms. Fatemeh Shahbaziaval , Birjand university ,
- Dr. Hashem Jahangir , Birjand university ,
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Paper Abstract
Concrete, which is usually brittle, can be made tougher and more impact-resistant by adding crumb rubber to the mix. In standard concrete, fatigue and impact loads can cause premature failures. Rubber aggregates might help solve that problem. In spite of its loss of some mechanical properties, crumb rubber concrete can be treated using suitable aggregates. The mechanical, chemical, thermal, and microwave treatments can increase the adhesive properties of crumb rubber aggregates. The use of scrap tires for crumb rubber in concrete would have a huge environmental impact since it would solve the disposal challenges and conserve natural aggregate resources in short supply. Although some literature is available on the properties of crumb rubber concrete, it is necessary to evaluate methods to overcome its deficiencies. A major focus of the paper is to examine the acoustic, durability, mechanical, and thermal properties of concrete with untreated or treated crumb rubber. A classification of beneficial treatments is presented. The overall results show that utilizing crumb rubber concrete will help protect the environment and conserve natural aggregates by sustainably utilizing waste material.
- The incorporation of CR can significantly reduce the environmental impact of waste tires by solving the problem of transportation and disposal.
- Concrete can be made tougher, abrasion-resistant, impact-resistant, and abrasion-resistant by adding relatively small amounts of CR.
- CRC's mechanical properties can be drastically reduced if too much CR is used. Due to its density, entrapped air, and reduced bond between cement mortar and CRC, CRC has diminished mechanical properties.
Paper Highlights
- R. Roychand, R. J. Gravina, Y. Zhuge, X. Ma, O. Youssf, and J. E. Mills, “A comprehensive review on the mechanical properties of waste tire rubber concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 237, p. 117651, Mar. 2020.
- S. M. Al-Salem, P. Lettieri, and J. Baeyens, “Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): A review,” Waste Management, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 2625–2643, Oct. 2009.
- S. T. El Sheltawy, E. G. Al-Sakkari, and M. M. K. Fouad, “Waste-to-Energy Trends and Prospects: A Review,” in Waste Management and Resource Efficiency, Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019, pp. 673–684.
- Z. Yang, R. Ji, L. Liu, X. Wang, and Z. Zhang, “Recycling of municipal solid waste incineration by-product for cement composites preparation,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 162, pp. 794–801, Feb. 2018.
- R. Roychand, B. Kumar Pramanik, G. Zhang, and S. Setunge, “Recycling steel slag from municipal wastewater treatment plants into concrete applications – A step towards circular economy,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 152, p. 104533, Jan. 2020.
- W. Ruwona, G. Danha, and E. Muzenda, “A Review on Material and Energy Recovery from Waste Tyres,” Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 35, pp. 216–222, 2019.
- A. Siddika, M. A. Al Mamun, R. Alyousef, Y. H. M. Amran, F. Aslani, and H. Alabduljabbar, “Properties and utilizations of waste tire rubber in concrete: A review,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 224, pp. 711–731, Nov. 2019.
- A. A. Gheni, M. A. ElGawady, and J. J. Myers, “Mechanical Characterization of Concrete Masonry Units Manufactured with Crumb Rubber Aggregate,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 114, no. 1, Feb. 2017.
- K. Strukar, T. Kalman Šipoš, I. Miličević, and R. Bušić, “Potential use of rubber as aggregate in structural reinforced concrete element – A review,” Engineering Structures, vol. 188, pp. 452–468, Jun. 2019.
- H. Zhu, “Crumb Rubber Concrete Bridge Deck,” 2017.
- M. Santandrea et al., “An investigation of the debonding mechanism in steel FRP- and FRCM-concrete joints,” in 4th Workshop on The New Boundaries of Structural Concrete, 2016, pp. 289–298.
- M. Bagheri, A. Chahkandi, and H. Jahangir, “Seismic Reliability Analysis of RC Frames Rehabilitated by Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymers,” International Journal of Civil Engineering, May 2019.
- J. Wang, Q. Dai, S. Guo, and R. Si, “Mechanical and durability performance evaluation of crumb rubber-modified epoxy polymer concrete overlays,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 203, pp. 469–480, Apr. 2019.
- R. Sovják et al., “Utilization of crumb rubber and FBC-based ternary binder in shotcrete lining,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 11, p. e00234, Dec. 2019.
- M. K. Ismail and A. A. A. Hassan, “Use of Steel Fibers to Optimize Self-Consolidating Concrete Mixtures Containing Crumb Rubber,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 114, no. 4, Aug. 2017.
- B. S. Thomas, R. C. Gupta, and V. John Panicker, “Experimental and modelling studies on high strength concrete containing waste tire rubber,” Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 19, pp. 68–73, Dec. 2015.
- I. Mohammadi and H. Khabbaz, “Shrinkage performance of Crumb Rubber Concrete (CRC) prepared by water-soaking treatment method for rigid pavements,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 62, pp. 106–116, Sep. 2015.
- V. Farhangi et al., “Behaviour Investigation of SMA-Equipped Bar Hysteretic Dampers Using Machine Learning Techniques,” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 21, p. 10057, Oct. 2021.
- X. Chen, Z. Liu, S. Guo, Y. Huang, and W. Xu, “Experimental study on fatigue properties of normal and rubberized self-compacting concrete under bending,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 205, pp. 10–20, Apr. 2019.
- H. Jahangir and M. R. Esfahani, “Numerical Study of Bond – Slip Mechanism in Advanced Externally Bonded Strengthening Composites,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 4509–4518, Nov. 2018.
- H. Hasani, H. Jahangir, D. Rezazadeh Eidgahee, and H. R. Nasseri, “Evaluation of Existing Axial Compressive Strength Models of FRP-Confined Circular Concrete Columns,” in 4th International Conference & 5th National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Art and Urban Design, 2021.
- H. Hasani, H. Jahangir, D. Rezazadeh Eidgahee, and H. R. Nasseri, “Behavior Investigation of Rectangular Concrete Columns Confined by Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites,” in 2nd Conference on Urban Planning, Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment, 2021.
- R. A. Assaggaf, M. R. Ali, S. U. Al-Dulaijan, and M. Maslehuddin, “Properties of concrete with untreated and treated crumb rubber – A review,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 11, pp. 1753–1798, Mar. 2021.
- N. N. Gerges, C. A. Issa, and S. A. Fawaz, “Rubber concrete: Mechanical and dynamical properties,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 9, p. e00184, Dec. 2018.
- L. Li, S. Ruan, and L. Zeng, “Mechanical properties and constitutive equations of concrete containing a low volume of tire rubber particles,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 70, pp. 291–308, Nov. 2014.
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- S. Ramarad, M. Khalid, C. T. Ratnam, A. L. Chuah, and W. Rashmi, “Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future,” Progress in Materials Science, vol. 72, pp. 100–140, Jul. 2015.
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- E. Ganjian, M. Khorami, and A. A. Maghsoudi, “Scrap-tyre-rubber replacement for aggregate and filler in concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 1828–1836, May 2009.
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- X. Zhu, C. Miao, J. Liu, and J. Hong, “Influence of Crumb Rubber on Frost Resistance of Concrete and Effect Mechanism,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 27, pp. 206–213, 2012.
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- N. Holmes, A. Browne, and C. Montague, “Acoustic properties of concrete panels with crumb rubber as a fine aggregate replacement,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 73, pp. 195–204, Dec. 2014.
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- A. Moustafa and M. A. ElGawady, “Mechanical properties of high strength concrete with scrap tire rubber,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 93, pp. 249–256, Sep. 2015.
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- A. C. Marques, J. L. Akasaki, A. P. M. Trigo, and M. L. Marques, “Influence of the surface treatment of tire rubber residues added in mortars,” Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 113–120, 2008.
- C. Albano, N. Camacho, J. Reyes, J. L. Feliu, and M. Hernández, “Influence of scrap rubber addition to Portland I concrete composites: Destructive and non-destructive testing,” Composite Structures, vol. 71, no. 3–4, pp. 439–446, Dec. 2005.
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- Skripkiūnas, Gintautas, A. Grinys, and and K. Miškinis, “Damping properties of concrete with rubber waste additives,” 2009.
- M. M. Balaha, A. A. M. , Badawy, & Hashish, and M., “Effect of using ground waste tire rubber as fine aggregate on the behaviour of concrete mixes,” 2007.
- L. P. Rivas-Vázquez, R. Suárez-Orduña, J. Hernández-Torres, and E. Aquino-Bolaños, “Effect of the surface treatment of recycled rubber on the mechanical strength of composite concrete/rubber,” Materials and Structures, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 2809–2814, Sep. 2015.
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Paper References
More than 2 years ago
- Dr. Hashem Jahangir , Birjand university ,
- Mr. Hamed Hasani , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
- Ms. Atefeh Soleymani , Departement of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University , kerman ,
- Mr. Mohammad Bashir Azizi , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
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Paper Abstract
The composite steel shear wall (CSSW) consists of a steel shear wall (SSW) attached to a reinforced concrete panel using bolts or connectors. In this way, thick-walled steel plates exhibit a higher load-carrying capacity and are less likely to buckle out of the plane. This paper develops a new analytical strip model for 3, 8 and 15 floors frames equipped with CSSW as well as traditional steel shear walls (SSWs) to investigate their seismic behavior. The results of conducted pushover analyses showed that more plastic hinges were created in the CSSW-equipped frames than SSW-equipped ones, indicating more energy absorption, fewer damages and more durability.
- The seismic behavior of 3, 8 and 15-floor frames equipped with composite steel shear walls (CSSW) and conventional steel shear walls (SSW) was analyzed by pushover analysis.
- To this end, triangular template lateral loading was applied to the numerical models, and the plastic hinges of beams, columns and diagonal steel strips were obtained.
- The diagonal steel strips went to the plastic region before the surrounding beams and columns in all numerical models.
Paper Highlights
- Yang Y, Cho IH. Multiple Target Machine Learning Prediction of Capacity Curves of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls. Soft Computing in Civil Engineering 2021;5:90–113. doi:10.22115/SCCE.2021.314998.1381.
- Ekici B, Kutucu S, (CEC) İS-…, IEEE 2015, 2015 undefined. Addressing the high-rise form finding problem by evolutionary computation. IeeexploreIeeeOrg n.d.
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- Shalchi Tousi M, Ghazavi M, Laali S. Optimizing Reinforced Concrete Cantilever Retaining Walls Using Gases Brownian Motion Algorithm (GBMOA). Soft Computing in Civil Engineering 2021;5:1–18. doi:10.22115/scce.2021.248638.1256.
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Paper References
More than 2 years ago
- Mr. Hamed Hasani , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
- Ms. Atefeh Soleymani , Departement of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University , kerman ,
- Dr. Hashem Jahangir , Birjand university ,
- Mr. Mohammad Bashir Azizi , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand ,
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Paper Abstract
The use of industrial waste as a building material plays an important role in sustainability. During the combustion of pulverized coal, fly ash is generated as a waste product. An overview of research on the use of sintered fly ash aggregate for the production of light-weight structural concrete is presented here. In this paper, the aggregate properties of fly ash are also determined by the physical, chemical, and pelletizing parameters of the flash. This paper also discussed temperatures and durations of sintering and their significance. A description of the sintered fly ash aggregate's mechanical and physical properties was also provided. Literature review indicates that such aggregates are 16–46% lighter and have a higher water absorption capacity than normal-weight aggregates. The concrete produced with sintered fly ash concrete exhibited high strength and mechanical properties as well as durability.. The compressive strengths of sintered fly ash aggregate concrete range from 27-74 MPa, and the densities range from 1651-2017 kg/m3. Fly ash aggregate concrete seems to perform well in terms of structural applications. Sintered fly ash aggregate concrete has been identified as potential structural concrete material.
- Fly ash for construction cannot be generated, characterized, or used without understanding how it is produced.
- In addition, fly ash is diverted from landfills, reducing the need for OPC. A cleaner production process can also be achieved by reducing air pollution, emissions, and solid waste.
- The physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of fly ash make it an inherently complex material. The combustion temperature, cooling rate, and composition of fly ash all influence its physical and cementitious properties.
Paper Highlights
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